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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarem | om kə̑žgandare |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandaret | ot kə̑žgandare |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandara | ok/ogeš kə̑žgandare |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarena | ona/ogə̑na kə̑žgandare |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandareda | oda/ogə̑da kə̑žgandare |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarat | ogə̑t kə̑žgandare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kə̑žgandare |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑žgandare |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑š | ə̑š kə̑žgandare |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑šna | ə̑šna kə̑žgandare |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑šda | ə̑šda kə̑žgandare |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑št | ə̑št kə̑žgandare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarenam | kə̑žgandaren omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarenat | kə̑žgandaren otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandaren | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarenna | kə̑žgandaren onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarenda | kə̑žgandaren odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarenə̑t | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarem ə̑l'e | om kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandaret ə̑l'e | ot kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandara ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandareda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarem ulmaš | om kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandaret ulmaš | ot kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandara ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandareda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarat ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarenam ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarenat ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandaren ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarenna ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarenda ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandaren ə̑l'e | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarenam ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarenat ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandaren ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarenna ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarenda ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandaren ulmaš | kə̑žgandaren ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandare | it kə̑žgandare |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑že | ə̑nže kə̑žgandare |
| 1PL: | (kə̑žgandarena) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑žgandare) |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑za | ida kə̑žgandare |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑žgandare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑nem | ə̑nem kə̑žgandare |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑net | ə̑net kə̑žgandare |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑neže | ə̑než kə̑žgandare |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑nena | ə̑nena kə̑žgandare |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑neda | ə̑neda kə̑žgandare |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kə̑žgandare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑žgandare ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑žgandarə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑žgandarə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑žgandare ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑žgandaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑žgandarə̑man |
| Active participle: | kə̑žgandarə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kə̑žgandarə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑žgandarə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑žgandarə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑žgandaren |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑žgandarə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑žgandarə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑žgandarə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑žgandarə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑žgandarə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑žgandarə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||